Never heard of it in that meaning in France.

Or maybe you mean “putain” ?

As far as as know poutine is just the name of that meal.

Unfortunately, it’s also the name of a Russian war criminal for people who don’t pay attention to the letters in words.

We had people being rude to poutine restaurants owners here because they thought it was related to Russia.

It means ‘mess’, like “fries, cheese and gravy? That’s gonna be a real mess!”