I wouldn’t consider voting for any of these people in the general election, but I recognize that people often live in gerrymandered districts, and therefore vote in Republican primaries in order to have some influence over their local representatives. For people living in such a district, choosing a least-bad candidate is a way try and moderate the Republican party just a bit.

Candidates are listed by poll-based estimates of their support, which makes it rather clear that Republicans as a whole have sought to reject any kind of meaningful path to zero greenhouse gas emissions.

• Trump: His actions as president may have caused irreversible damage to the global climate.

• DeSantis: He has supported efforts to adapt to the effects of climate change, but not to prevent it.

• Scott: He acknowledges climate change but rejects most efforts to stop it.

• Ramaswamy: He opposes all government efforts to reduce carbon emissions.

• Haley: She supports carbon-capture technology but has denounced efforts to reduce emissions.)

• Pence: He claims climate change is exaggerated and would prioritize domestic energy production.

• Christie: He supports action on climate change with some caveats.

• Hutchinson: He denounces government mandates but supports private renewable energy development.

• Burgum: He has supported carbon-capture as governor, but what he would do as president is unclear.

• Hurd: He acknowledges that climate change is a major threat, but what he would do is unclear.

• Suarez: He has pursued significant emission reductions in Miami.